2.VU-Meter-OLED-USB-DAC.ino

2.VU-Meter-OLED-USB-DAC

This example shows the usage of the AudioVU and AnalogVUDisplay classes of the Control Surface library.

It displays two analog-style VU meters on two 128×64 OLED displays.
The VU meters imitate the inertia and ballistics of real analog VU meters.

It acts as a USB Audio DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter).

Boards: 🛈

Teensy 3.x

Connections

• A0: wiper of a potentiometer to change the output volume
• A1: wiper of a potentiometer to change the VU gain
• 9: BCK (I²S)
• 11: SCK (I²S)
• 22: DIN (I²S)
• 23: LRCK (I²S)
• 7: OLED Data/D1 (SPI MOSI)
• 13: OLED Clock/D0 (SPI SCK)
• 17: OLED Data/Command
• 10: Left OLED Cable Select
• 18: Right OLED Cable Select

Add a capacitor between the reset pin of the displays and ground, and a resistor from reset to 3.3V. The values are not critical, 0.1µF and 10kΩ work fine.
You do need some way to reset the displays, without it, it won't work.
Alternatively, you could use an IO pin from the Teensy to reset the displays, but this just "wastes" a pin.

Behavior

Upload the sketch, and select the Control Surface as the audio output of your computer. Connect the output of the DAC to a pair of headphones or powered speakers, and play some music.
You should see the VU meters come to life and jump around to the music.

You can now adjust the volume using the potentiometer on pin A0, and the gain/sensitivity of the meters using the potentiometer on pin A1.

Mapping

None.

Demo

Written by PieterP, 2019-08-09
https://github.com/tttapa/Control-Surface

 
#include <Control_Surface.h> // Include the Control Surface library
// Include the display interface you'd like to use
#include <Display/DisplayInterfaces/DisplayInterfaceSSD1306.hpp>
 
// #define DIGITAL_VU
 
// ----------------------------- Display setup ------------------------------ //
// ========================================================================== //
 
constexpr uint8_t SCREEN_WIDTH = 128;
constexpr uint8_t SCREEN_HEIGHT = 64;
 
constexpr int8_t OLED_DC = 17;    // Data/Command pin of the display
constexpr int8_t OLED_reset = -1; // Use the external RC circuit for reset
constexpr int8_t OLED_CS_L = 10;  // Chip Select pin of the left display
constexpr int8_t OLED_CS_R = 18;  // Chip Select pin of the right display
 
constexpr uint32_t SPI_Frequency = SPI_MAX_SPEED;
 
// Instantiate the displays
Adafruit_SSD1306 ssd1306Display_L {
  SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &SPI,          OLED_DC,
  OLED_reset,   OLED_CS_L,     SPI_Frequency,
};
// Instantiate the displays
Adafruit_SSD1306 ssd1306Display_R {
  SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &SPI,          OLED_DC,
  OLED_reset,   OLED_CS_R,     SPI_Frequency,
};
 
// --------------------------- Display interface ---------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
// Implement the display interface, specifically, the begin and drawBackground
// methods.
// If you want, you can draw a background image of a VU meter first, and then
// draw the needle on top.
class MySSD1306_DisplayInterface : public SSD1306_DisplayInterface {
 public:
  MySSD1306_DisplayInterface(Adafruit_SSD1306 &display)
    : SSD1306_DisplayInterface(display) {}
 
  void begin() override {
    // Initialize the Adafruit_SSD1306 display
    if (!disp.begin())
      FATAL_ERROR(F("SSD1306 allocation failed."), 0x1306);
 
#ifdef DIGITAL_VU
    disp.setRotation(1); // Rotate the display in portrait mode
#endif
 
    // If you override the begin method, remember to call the super class method
    SSD1306_DisplayInterface::begin();
  }
 
  void drawBackground() override {}
 
} display_L = ssd1306Display_L, display_R = ssd1306Display_R;
 
// --------------------------- Audio connections ---------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
AudioInputUSB audioInputUSB;
AudioMixer4 mixer_L;
AudioAnalyzeRMS rms_L;
AudioMixer4 mixer_R;
AudioAnalyzeRMS rms_R;
AudioOutputI2S audioOutputI2S;
// Connect the input to the mixers (volume control), the input to the RMS
// meters, and the mixers to the output
AudioConnection patchCord1(audioInputUSB, 0, mixer_L, 0);
AudioConnection patchCord2(audioInputUSB, 0, rms_L, 0);
AudioConnection patchCord3(audioInputUSB, 1, mixer_R, 0);
AudioConnection patchCord4(audioInputUSB, 1, rms_R, 0);
AudioConnection patchCord5(mixer_L, 0, audioOutputI2S, 0);
AudioConnection patchCord6(mixer_R, 0, audioOutputI2S, 1);
 
// ----------------------------- Volume control ----------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
VolumeControl<2> volume {{&mixer_L, &mixer_R}, A0, 1.0};
 
// ------------------------------- VU Meters -------------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
#ifdef DIGITAL_VU
AudioVU vu_L {rms_L, MovingCoilBallistics::noOvershoot(), 1, 25};
AudioVU vu_R {rms_R, MovingCoilBallistics::noOvershoot(), 1, 25};
 
MCU::VUDisplay<> vu_display_L {display_L, vu_L, {0, 127}, 64, 4, 1, WHITE};
MCU::VUDisplay<> vu_display_R {display_R, vu_R, {0, 127}, 64, 4, 1, WHITE};
#else
AudioVU vu_L {rms_L, MovingCoilBallistics::responsiveVU(1)};
AudioVU vu_R {rms_R, MovingCoilBallistics::responsiveVU(1)};
 
MCU::AnalogVUDisplay<> vu_display_L {
  display_L,       // Display to display on
  vu_L,            // VU meter to display
  {63, 63},        // Location of the needle pivot
  63,              // Length of the needle
  -140 * PI / 180, // Minimum angle (radians)
  100 * PI / 180,  // Total angle range (radians)
  WHITE,           // Color
};
// Note that the y axis points downwards (as is common in computer graphics).
// This means that a positive angle is clockwise, and -140° lies in the top left
// quadrant
MCU::AnalogVUDisplay<> vu_display_R {
  display_R, vu_R, {63, 63}, 63, -140 * PI / 180, 100 * PI / 180, WHITE,
};
#endif
 
// ------------------------------- Gain knob -------------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
constexpr float maxGain = 5;
FilteredAnalog<> gainKnob = A1;
 
// --------------------------------- Setup ---------------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
void setup() {
  AudioMemory(8);
  FilteredAnalog<>::setupADC();
  display_L.begin();
  display_R.begin();
}
 
// ---------------------------------- Loop ---------------------------------- //
// ========================================================================== //
 
void loop() {
  const unsigned long frametime = 1'000'000 / MAX_FPS;
  static unsigned long previousFrameTime = micros();
  if (micros() - previousFrameTime >= frametime) {
    previousFrameTime += frametime;
    Updatable<AudioVU>::updateAll();       // Update VU meters
    Control_Surface.updateDisplays();      // Update displays
    Updatable<Potentiometer>::updateAll(); // Update volume controls
  }
  if (gainKnob.update()) {
    float gain = gainKnob.getFloatValue() * maxGain;
    vu_L.setGain(gain);
    vu_R.setGain(gain);
  }
}